THE RELATIONSHIP OF TYPE II DIABETES MELLITUS RISK FACTORS AT RSUP PROF. DR. R. D. KANDOU, MANADO AND UNIVERSITAS KLABAT

Abstract

Type II Diabetes Mellitus can result to deadly complications  such as Hypoglycemia, Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA) and hyperglycemic-hyperosmolar non ketotic syndrome (HHNS) which was an emergency condition for the patient. International Diabetes Federation (2013) recorded that Indonesia rank to be the seventh in the world in the population of diabetes with the total of 8,554 million people, after China, India, US, Brazil, Rusia and  Mexico. Data from Riset Kesehatan Dasar found that the prevalence of Diabetes Mellitus (DM) in Indonesia is 2,1 percent, and this is an increase rate compared with the year 2007 which was only 1,1 persen. Specifically mentioned in Sulawesi Utara (North Sulawesy) province, the prevalence of diabetes is 3,6 percent, which is the second after Sulawesi Tengah (Central Sulawesy)  (3,7%), and this rate is far more than the national prevalence. Method: The study is in case control method, employing descriptive statistics and Chi Square Test. The data gathered in a purposive sampling technique, from two different locations, which were RSUP Prof. DR. R. D. Kandou, Manado, and Universitas Klabat, Airmadidi, Manado. Results: Age and Family history of diabetes are not  significantly related type II diabetes mellitus, while history of hypertension, sedentary lifestyle, hypercholesterolemia, and smoking are significant risk factors contributing to type II diabetes mellitus prevalence. Recommendations: It is suggested for the next study to find balance number of respondents between case and control, and also the variable of gender and vascular  disease might be included in the scope of study.